"To
whom it may concern:"
Know that me, Roberto Landell de Moura, citizen of the Republic of Brasil resident in the district of Manhattan of New York city, New York State, invented a new Wave Transmitter, that makes the following specifications: My invention is related to Message Transmissions, from a point to another, without the aid of wires, or concisely the communicating through space.
It
has the objective of producing better results with simplified apparatus,
using certains principles that I discovered. Up to now, when we had to
transmit signals, the transmission was made by means of apparatus of manual
operation. In some cases, these were substituted by automatic mechanisms;
but the handling of such mechanisms, or the manipulation of a key, demanding
certain abilities and experience of the operator. In agreement with my
invention, I produce, firstly, Electrics Oscillations
and a Light Trembling, by means of Sound
Vibrations, it can be of the Human
Voice or others
sounds.
I
use these Electric or
Luminous Oscillations, so produced, to
telephone or to telegraph
through space . In such transmissions, and especially telephoning, I can
use inventions similar to the ones that I described in my previous solicitation,
protocoled in OCT 04 - 1901, series N.77.576.
To
produce the two species of mentioned oscillations I invented a disposition
of circuits and of certains apparatus that I denominated "phonetic switch".
*Obs:Web comments: (a electro mechanical
microphone).
My
phonetic switch
consists, essentially, of a pair of contacts capable of reproducing the
sounds vibrations
, or the vibrations from any source that can control the primary circuit
of a high frequency induction coil, this primary is tied up to the primary
of a Ruhmkorff coil
for transmission.
The
Sound Vibrations on the Fonetic
Switch are transformed in Electrics
or Light Waves,
the one which, passing to the receiving station, are received and act on
appropriate apparatus, by means of which they are perceptible with the
use of a Phone Receiver,
of a lamp, of
a Recording Morse, or similar thing. My invention
is in full detail described in the following specifications, and illustraded
in the enclosed drawings.
In
relationship to fig.1 it is a cut of my phonetic
switch , with
the whole parts represented. In 2 the illustration represents a regulatory
key for the nucleus of the induction coil. In 5 the circuits
transmitters are represented with the apparatus;
represented in their places. In 1 we have the box with non conductor material,
and A' is the cover. This cover is made to contain a Resonant
Chamber, whose base has a perforated disk
A2 and is sustained by the receptacle there is a diaphragm (a), having
in their central point a slight depression. (a').
Placed
inside of the receptacle and supported in appropriate projections, there
is an Induction Coil, that has the primary (d) and the secondary (d') coiled
around of the iron nucleus (d2).This nucleus is hollow, and in its interior
a central axis exists (B) supported in its superior extremity by the perforated
extremity of the nucleus and in its inferior extremity, it is connected
inwardly by the nut (b) screwed in the inferior extremity of the nucleus,
and the guide (b4). The axis has a head (B') which can be manipulated.
The function of the adjustment is to allow that the narrow opening of air,
between the extremety axis, in (b2) and the diaphragm (a), in (a'), be
in such an arranged way that the vibrations of the articulated words produces
a continuous, fast and regular movement, and interrupt the circuit. By
means of key K (represented in 2), the nut (b) it can be screwed when the
axis is adjusted, introducing the stems (k) and (k4), of the key in the
holes (b3) of the nut.
Fastened in the superior extremity of the cover (A') a flexible tube exists (C) with a mouth (c).
To
use the apparatus, the operator speaks in agreement with a established
code or in any other way, through the mouth (c).The
propagation of the Sound Waves through the tube, passing between
of the central opening of the cover (A2) act over the diaphragm (a), producing
a corresponding vibration, and in consequence if the adjustments had been
correctly done, a fast series of contacts
and interruptions or successive contacts
will happen between the diafragm
and the extremity of
(b2), corresponding
the frequency
to the waves that were produced.
These contacts
and interruptions determine pulses
or current variations
, in the secondary circuits 12, being irradiated
by the Antenna.
The
production and the interruptions of contacts have as consequence, to produce
current pulsations in the primary coil, corresponding
very aproximately to the voice tones or the sounds produced.
Certainly,
it is impossible to obtain an adjustment of such perfect contact that reproduces
all the harmonics and turn a perfect articulation, but in the other hand,
in order to get the positive effects, of discharge, the other that I will
refer now I think to be best, other than the simple change of the circuit
resistence. It is not necessary to say that I can adjust the
contacts in such a way to produce constant contacts and variable pressure,
requirements so that the microphone will work perfectly; but with practical
intention, I think that is better to produce the pulses in the way
that I described.
Considering
now (5), I will describe the connections of my apparatus, to obtain an
effective system.
F is a Ruhmkorff coil or any
other induction coil of high potency, adjusted in way to produce a flash
of certain length, - let us say of about a 1/4 inch or more.
The primary of this coil (f) is tied up to the the circuit 15 and 16, that
includes the main battery M and the phonetic switch. The secondary coil,
marked (f') is connected by the wires 7 and 8 to the terminals 21 and 20
to the
irradiant wires, that can be
of common form or any aerial conductor, with or without terminal
grounded in one of the sides.
A terminal pair (11) and (12) to produce flash, is foreseen, to be inserted
in the circuit (7) (8), by the simple closing of the switch (S'). It is
also linked to the secondary circuit, a capacitor of convenient capacity.
The primary circuit (15) (16) is going from the Ruhmkorff coil to the primary
terminals of the induction coil (D), in the phonetic switch.
The
secondary coil (d') is tied up to a local circuit (19), that contains a
Phone Receiver (T),
and the primary circuit includes a lamp, that can be used to transmit or
to receive messages. There is too a
capacitor (G) of convenient capacity, inserted in the primary circuit.
The way to use the described system,
is the following: To
transmit electromagnetic waves corresponding to the Sound
Vibrations, the key (S') is closed and the
the key (S) is opened, and the operator starts to produce the wanted sounds,
by means of the fonetic switch. A
pulses succesions is so produced in the primary circuit coil (F), whose
effect is increased by the presence of the capacitor (G), that absorbs
the current excess, it contribute to the fast demagnetization of the induction
coil and still disable the the production of flashes between the diaphragm
and the point of the axis.
These pulses in the primary are very fast , when the adjustments are appropriately
done, they produce pulses of high potential in the secondary.
To
produce Light Oscillations by
means of the switch, in the transmitter station, I use the natural
human voice, because the trembling produced
corresponding in form and frequency to the initial sounds,
and being these sounds produced in a convenient way with the aid of adequate
apparatus, in the receiving station, they allow the recognition more ou
less perfect of the original sounds, and seen as a lot of words or
tones can be recognized by its intrinsic value, as much as for any value
that can be lent by means of any arbitrary code, an enough number
of different words can be selected, to constitute a complete and very efficient
code.
Of
course other sources of soundvibrations can be used to substitute the human
voice. So, to produce electricoscillations by means of the same switch,
it can be used in the transmitter station,
a constituted source of sounds
by a musical instrument similar to a small organ , having a group of sheets
or acoustic tubes tied up to the mouth (C). By the strong diaphragm vibration,
it produces light oscillations or
electricity that can be received, after transmitted, by means of
any sensitive apparatus. In addition to this transmission method by means
of electromagnet or
luminous waves, as I said, some of the particularities
hereby described they can be used together with my other systems.
In one of these systems, I use waves
or intermittent signals of light , to transmit codes signals.
In
the present case I can use the lamp (e), in a similar way, producing the
initial variations of current by means of the phonetic
switch. If the light
pulsations are fast, the adjustment
of the terminals and diaphragm can be regulated, untill the width of the
variations is enough to eliminate all the tones less the fundamental ones.
In fact more weight can be given to the diaphragm, if it necessary,
or its pulsations can be in another way, retarded. In
the case of the transmission to be done by light waves , I use reflector
and I can also use screens of several materials, such as sheets of colored
glass, and it is possible to substitute the lamp indicated by a cathodic
lamp, of the type described in my other solicitation, or other light types.
Observe
that the most important and, in fact, the essential aspect of my invention
is the employment of a transmitter that turns on and and off by the effect
of the sound vibrations, doing the light waves or transmitted eletromagnectics
waves corresponding , in a very approximate way, to the sound waves which
are produced.
The incredible Father Landell de Moura (Ernani Fornari), En El Aire: The Light That Talks (Otto Albuquerque), Landell de Moura (B.Hamilton Almeida), The Other Side of The Telecommunications - The Father Landell's saga - (B.Hamilton Almeida), The Man That Pressed The Button Of The Communication - ( Editora Feplam - Seg. Ediçao 1977). Special gratfulness to the friends Francisco Rodrigues Leite - Olegario Vargas - Sonia Rinaldi - Fernando H. de Oliveira - that collaborated sending material that are facilitating me study and research about the labour of our great countryman and cientist work. Special thanks to Arsenio Fornaro for English text version corrections.